Estimation of hourly solar irradiation on tilted surfaces

Abstract

Tilted photovoltaic panel (PVP) are extensively utilized in solar power installations. To model and design them, you must understand the solar irradiation on a tilted surface over time scales of an hour, day, week, month, or other period. However, most  meteorological stations only record global horizontal irradiance (GHI). In this research, a method is proposed for translating hourly worldwide horizontal irradiation from the NASA POWER database into hourly global sun irradiation on a tilted surface utilizing regression analysis methods and numerical modeling methods based on an isotropic model of solar irradiation. In addition, this work proposes a method for establishing the regression reliance of the diffuse transmittance index on the  clearness index for geographic areas where this relationship has not yet been empirically proven. To assess effectiveness, the results of the proposed technique and other authors' methods are compared with monthly average NASA POWER climatological data using evaluation methods such as mean bias error (MBE), mean absolute bias error (MABE), and root-mean-square error (RMSE). The study's findings can be used to construct, optimize, or anticipate the functioning of solar power facilities at any angle of tilt and in any geographic area.