Agrivoltaic systems: a literature review

Abstract

Agrivoltaic systems integrate solar energy generation with agricultural production to achieve efficient land use and mitigate climate change. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of the scientific literature on this topic, published from 2013 to 2023, to identify key trends, research areas, and emerging topics. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) methodology and data from the Scopus database, the analysis was conducted with the R package bibliometrix and VOSviewer software. The results show remarkable growth in scientific output since 2020, with the United States, China, and Germany as the leading countries. The findings reveal the benefits of agrivoltaic systems, such as increased crop productivity, water-use efficiency, and income diversification for farmers. Emerging topics include the optimization of panel configurations and socioeconomic implications. Despite these benefits, challenges like high initial costs, social acceptance, and the need for adaptable designs persist. The conclusions underscore the importance of specific policies and incentives to support the adoption of these technologies. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the state of agrivoltaic systems, offering valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and other stakeholders.